While wheat bread is high FODMAP, two slices of traditional sourdough wheat bread is low FODMAP. This is because traditional sourdough bread reduces FODMAP content through fermentation. This starter is added to the bread dough for a long period of time (>12 hours). The yeast and bacteria in the starter break down the carbohydrates in the bread resulting in a reduction in the FODMAP content. Check the Monash app for safe serving sizes. Sourdough bread not made the traditional way is high FODMAP.

There are as many methods for making sourdough starter as there are bakers. Classicists say flour and water is enough to begin fermentation. Others—like Peter Reinhart of The Bread Baker’s Apprentice, who inspired this recipe—suggest adding fruit juice to kick-start things. Mostly, it’s the environment that matters: Measure liquids to solids carefully, use filtered water, and use room-temperature ingredients to help bacteria and yeast flourish and multiply.

Ingredients

• 2 cups whole wheat flour
• ¹⁄₄ cup plus 2 Tbsp. pineapple juice

Instructions

1. In a quart-size canning jar or resealable plastic container, add 3½ tablespoons flour and ¼ cup pineapple juice; stir vigorously with chopsticks until combined. Cover with plastic wrap and let rest in a warm spot for 48 hours, opening the jar and stirring again 3 times a day.
2. Stir in 2 more tablespoons each flour and juice. Cover with plastic wrap and let rest another 48 hours, opening the jar and stirring again with chopsticks 3 times a day. (By the end, you should see some bubbles forming.)
3. Add 5 tablespoons plus ³⁄₄ teaspoon flour and 3 tablespoons tepid filtered water; stir vigorously. Cover and let rest 24 hours.
4. Add ½ cup flour and ¹⁄₃ cup tepid filtered water; stir vigorously. Cover and let rest 24 hours. Repeat again the following day. (Starter should be bubbly, cheesy, and smell like beer.) It is now ready to use or give away.
5. Feed the starter (or advise your friends to) about 8 hours before using: Begin by discarding all but ½ cup starter from the jar. Add ½ cup tepid filtered water and 1 cup total of flours of your choice (a good standard mix is 20% whole wheat, 80% unbleached white). Mix well, scraping down the sides of the jar. To use every or every other day, keep your starter at room temperature and feed it daily. To use intermittently, store in the fridge and feed once a week.

Pair your sourdough bread with a garlic oil dipping sauce flavored with Casa de Sante low FODMAP Tuscan herb seasoning.