Does Licorice Help with Heartburn? Evidence and Remedies

Heartburn affects millions of people worldwide, causing that uncomfortable burning sensation in the chest that can disrupt daily life. While conventional treatments like antacids and proton pump inhibitors are common go-to solutions, many individuals are turning to natural remedies like licorice for relief. This ancient herb has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, but does it actually help with heartburn? Let's explore the evidence behind licorice as a heartburn remedy and examine how it compares to other natural approaches for managing acid reflux.

Understanding Heartburn and Acid Reflux

Heartburn occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing irritation and that characteristic burning sensation in the chest. Despite its name, heartburn has nothing to do with the heart—it's a digestive issue that affects the esophagus. For many people, heartburn is an occasional nuisance, but when it happens frequently, it may indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is a muscle that acts as a valve between the esophagus and stomach. When functioning properly, it prevents stomach contents from flowing backward. However, certain factors can weaken or relax this sphincter, allowing acid to escape and cause heartburn symptoms. Common triggers include spicy foods, citrus, tomatoes, chocolate, coffee, alcohol, large meals, and eating too close to bedtime.

Common Symptoms of Acid Reflux

While the burning sensation in the chest is the hallmark symptom of heartburn, acid reflux can manifest in various ways. Some people experience a sour taste in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, a feeling of food being stuck in the throat, or chronic cough—especially at night. More severe cases may involve regurgitation of food or liquid, chest pain, or the sensation of a lump in the throat. If you're experiencing these symptoms regularly, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider to rule out more serious conditions.

Licorice and Its Traditional Uses

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) has been used medicinally for thousands of years across various cultures. Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Chinese, and Indian Ayurvedic practitioners all incorporated licorice into their healing traditions. The root of the licorice plant contains numerous compounds that contribute to its therapeutic properties, including glycyrrhizin, flavonoids, and various phytochemicals.

Traditionally, licorice has been used to soothe digestive discomfort, treat ulcers, reduce inflammation, and support respiratory health. In Chinese medicine, licorice is often included in herbal formulations as a harmonizing agent that enhances the effects of other herbs while reducing potential side effects. Its sweet taste (about 50 times sweeter than sugar) also made it useful as a natural sweetener in various preparations.

Different Forms of Licorice

When discussing licorice for heartburn, it's crucial to distinguish between different forms of the herb. Traditional licorice contains glycyrrhizin, which can cause side effects like elevated blood pressure and potassium depletion when consumed in large amounts. For this reason, deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) was developed—a form of licorice with the glycyrrhizin removed, making it safer for regular use while retaining many beneficial properties for digestive health.

DGL is available as chewable tablets, capsules, powders, and teas. For heartburn relief specifically, chewable DGL tablets are often recommended because they mix with saliva, which helps activate compounds that can coat and protect the esophageal lining. Licorice tea and licorice root extract are other common forms, though these typically contain glycyrrhizin and should be used more cautiously.

Licorice vs. Licorice Candy

It's worth noting that most licorice candy sold in the United States doesn't actually contain real licorice extract. Instead, it's flavored with anise oil, which has a similar taste profile. Real licorice candy, more common in Europe, does contain actual licorice extract. However, neither type of candy is recommended for heartburn relief—the medicinal benefits come from properly prepared herbal formulations, not sugary confections that may actually worsen symptoms for some people.

Scientific Evidence for Licorice and Heartburn

While licorice has a long history of traditional use for digestive complaints, what does modern science say about its effectiveness for heartburn specifically? Research on licorice for acid reflux is still developing, but several studies provide promising insights.

A 2018 review published in the Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine found that licorice extracts may help protect the stomach lining and reduce inflammation in the digestive tract. DGL specifically has been shown to increase mucus production, which can help protect the esophagus and stomach from acid damage. This mucus-enhancing effect may explain why some people find relief from heartburn symptoms when using licorice preparations.

How DGL May Help with Heartburn

Deglycyrrhizinated licorice works through several mechanisms that could benefit those suffering from heartburn. First, it stimulates the production of mucin, a key component of mucus that protects the esophageal and stomach lining. This protective layer can reduce the irritation caused by stomach acid. Additionally, DGL appears to have anti-inflammatory properties that may help soothe irritated tissue in the digestive tract.

Some research also suggests that DGL may help balance stomach acid production rather than simply neutralizing it like antacids do. This could potentially address the root cause of acid reflux for some individuals, especially those whose symptoms stem from an imbalance rather than overproduction of stomach acid. However, more research is needed to fully understand these mechanisms.

Limitations of Current Research

Despite promising findings, it's important to acknowledge that much of the research on licorice for heartburn consists of small studies or laboratory research rather than large clinical trials. Many studies focus on licorice's effects on stomach ulcers rather than GERD specifically. Additionally, variations in licorice preparations and dosages make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about optimal use for heartburn relief. More comprehensive clinical studies are needed to establish clear guidelines for using licorice as a heartburn remedy.

How to Use Licorice for Heartburn

If you're interested in trying licorice for heartburn relief, DGL is generally the recommended form due to its better safety profile. Most practitioners suggest taking 1-2 chewable DGL tablets (typically 380-400mg each) about 20 minutes before meals. The tablets should be thoroughly chewed to mix with saliva, which helps activate the beneficial compounds. Some people also take an additional dose before bedtime if nighttime heartburn is an issue.

For those who prefer not to use tablets, DGL is also available as a powder that can be mixed with water. Licorice tea may provide some benefits as well, though it typically contains glycyrrhizin and should be consumed in moderation. Always follow package directions or, better yet, consult with a healthcare provider familiar with herbal medicine for personalized guidance.

A Simple DGL Licorice Tea Recipe

Soothing DGL Licorice Tea for Heartburn Relief

A gentle, warming tea that may help soothe the digestive tract and provide relief from occasional heartburn symptoms.

Ingredients:

• 1 teaspoon DGL licorice powder (available at health food stores)
• 1 cup hot water (not boiling)
• 1/2 teaspoon honey (optional)
• 1/4 teaspoon ginger powder (optional, for additional digestive benefits)

Instructions:

1. Add the DGL licorice powder to a mug.
2. Pour hot water over the powder.
3. Stir well until the powder is dissolved.
4. Add honey and ginger powder if desired.
5. Sip slowly, ideally 20 minutes before a meal.

Prep Time: 2 minutes
Cook Time: 0 minutes
Yield: 1 serving
Cuisine: Herbal remedy

Potential Side Effects and Precautions

While DGL is generally considered safe for most people when used as directed, regular licorice containing glycyrrhizin can cause significant side effects with prolonged use. These include elevated blood pressure, potassium depletion, fluid retention, and hormonal imbalances. Even with DGL, some individuals may experience digestive upset or allergic reactions.

Licorice in any form should be avoided by pregnant women, as it may increase the risk of preterm labor. People with heart disease, kidney disease, liver conditions, or hypertension should consult with a healthcare provider before using any form of licorice. Additionally, licorice can interact with certain medications, including blood pressure medications, diuretics, and corticosteroids.

When to See a Doctor

While occasional heartburn can often be managed with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter remedies, certain symptoms warrant medical attention. Seek immediate care if you experience severe chest pain, particularly if it's accompanied by shortness of breath, jaw or arm pain, or nausea, as these could indicate a heart attack rather than heartburn. Additionally, difficulty swallowing, persistent vomiting, unexplained weight loss, or heartburn that persists despite treatment should prompt a medical evaluation to rule out more serious conditions.

Other Natural Remedies for Heartburn

Licorice is just one of many natural approaches that may help manage heartburn symptoms. For those seeking a comprehensive approach, combining several gentle remedies often yields the best results. Ginger, for example, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and may help with various digestive issues, including heartburn. Chamomile tea can have a calming effect on the digestive system, while slippery elm forms a protective coating in the digestive tract.

For those with sensitive digestive systems, incorporating gut-friendly supplements can be beneficial. Casa de Sante offers low FODMAP certified digestive enzymes that can help break down food more efficiently, potentially reducing the likelihood of acid reflux after meals. Their prebiotic and probiotic supplements may also support overall gut health, which can indirectly improve heartburn symptoms for some individuals. These products are particularly valuable for people who experience both heartburn and IBS symptoms, as they're specifically formulated to be gentle on sensitive digestive systems.

Lifestyle Changes for Heartburn Management

Often, the most effective approach to managing heartburn involves lifestyle modifications. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can reduce pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter. Avoiding trigger foods like spicy dishes, citrus, tomatoes, chocolate, coffee, and alcohol can prevent symptoms from occurring in the first place. Maintaining a healthy weight, not eating within three hours of bedtime, and elevating the head of your bed by 6-8 inches can all significantly reduce nighttime heartburn.

Stress management techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or gentle yoga may also help, as stress can exacerbate digestive issues including acid reflux. For those with food sensitivities that trigger heartburn, following a personalized meal plan like those offered by Casa de Sante can help identify and avoid problematic foods while ensuring nutritional needs are met.

Conclusion

Licorice, particularly in its deglycyrrhizinated form (DGL), shows promise as a natural remedy for heartburn and acid reflux. Its ability to increase protective mucus production and reduce inflammation in the digestive tract makes it a potentially valuable tool for managing symptoms. However, the scientific evidence, while encouraging, is still developing, and licorice should be viewed as a complementary approach rather than a replacement for medical treatment in severe cases.

If you're considering licorice for heartburn relief, start with DGL in appropriate doses, be aware of potential side effects and interactions, and combine it with proven lifestyle modifications for the best results. As with any natural remedy, individual responses vary, and what works well for one person may not be as effective for another. A holistic approach that addresses diet, stress, sleep, and other lifestyle factors, potentially supported by gentle supplements like those from Casa de Sante, often provides the most comprehensive relief from heartburn symptoms.