Can DGL Licorice Cause Diarrhea? Understanding Digestive Side Effects

What is DGL Licorice?

DGL licorice, or deglycyrrhizinated licorice, is a form of licorice root that has had a compound called glycyrrhizin removed. This modification makes it safer for regular consumption compared to regular licorice root, which contains glycyrrhizin—a compound linked to serious side effects like high blood pressure, low potassium levels, and fluid retention when consumed in large amounts or over extended periods.

Many people turn to DGL licorice supplements for digestive support, particularly for issues like acid reflux, heartburn, and stomach ulcers. The appeal lies in its potential to soothe the digestive tract by promoting mucus production that protects the stomach lining while potentially reducing inflammation in the digestive system.

How DGL Differs from Regular Licorice

The key difference between DGL and regular licorice is the removal of glycyrrhizin. This process makes DGL much safer for regular use, as it eliminates the compound responsible for most of licorice's serious side effects. The deglycyrrhizination process typically removes at least 97% of the glycyrrhizin content, making DGL a preferred option for those seeking the digestive benefits of licorice without the risks associated with the whole herb.

DGL is commonly available in chewable tablets, capsules, powders, and teas. The chewable form is particularly popular because mixing with saliva is thought to enhance its effectiveness for upper digestive tract issues. Unlike regular licorice candy or supplements, DGL doesn't typically have the strong, distinctive licorice flavor that some find unpleasant.

Potential Digestive Benefits of DGL

DGL licorice has gained popularity primarily for its potential digestive benefits. Research suggests it may help create a protective coating in the digestive tract, potentially reducing symptoms of acid reflux, heartburn, and peptic ulcers. This protective effect comes from DGL's ability to stimulate the production of mucin, a component of mucus that helps protect the stomach lining from damage by stomach acid and digestive enzymes.

Some studies indicate that DGL may be comparable to certain over-the-counter antacids or even some prescription medications for managing mild to moderate digestive complaints. Its soothing properties may also help reduce inflammation in the digestive tract, potentially benefiting those with inflammatory digestive conditions.

Common Uses for Digestive Health

DGL is frequently used to address a variety of digestive concerns. For acid reflux and GERD sufferers, it may provide relief by strengthening the mucosal barrier in the esophagus and stomach. Those with peptic ulcers might find that DGL helps promote healing of the stomach lining. Some people also use DGL for general digestive discomfort, bloating, and indigestion.

Interestingly, some integrative health practitioners recommend DGL as a complementary approach for those weaning off proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or other acid-reducing medications, as it may help support the digestive tract during this transition without suppressing stomach acid production—which is actually necessary for proper digestion.

Scientific Evidence Behind DGL's Effectiveness

While anecdotal reports about DGL's benefits are abundant, the scientific research presents a more nuanced picture. Several small studies have shown promising results for DGL in managing peptic ulcers, with some research suggesting it may be as effective as certain conventional treatments. However, many of these studies are older or have methodological limitations.

For conditions like GERD and general digestive discomfort, the evidence is more preliminary. Some clinical trials have shown improvements in symptoms, but larger, more rigorous studies are needed to definitively establish DGL's effectiveness for these conditions. Despite the limited research, many integrative healthcare providers continue to recommend DGL based on clinical experience and its relatively good safety profile compared to some conventional treatments.

Can DGL Licorice Cause Diarrhea?

While DGL licorice is generally considered safer than regular licorice, it can still cause digestive side effects in some individuals, including diarrhea. The incidence of diarrhea with DGL appears to be relatively low compared to many other supplements or medications, but it does occur in a subset of users. Typically, digestive disturbances are more common when taking higher doses or when first starting supplementation.

The mechanism behind DGL-induced diarrhea isn't fully understood, but it may relate to how it affects mucus production in the digestive tract or potential changes to gut flora. Some researchers suggest that the herb's mild laxative properties, which can be beneficial for those with constipation, may trigger diarrhea in individuals with sensitive digestive systems or those already prone to loose stools.

Frequency and Severity of Diarrhea as a Side Effect

Based on available reports and studies, diarrhea from DGL supplementation tends to be mild to moderate in severity and often resolves either on its own as the body adjusts or when supplementation is reduced or discontinued. The frequency varies significantly among users, with most people experiencing no digestive disturbances at all, while others might notice changes in bowel habits within days of starting the supplement.

Factors that may increase the likelihood of experiencing diarrhea include taking DGL on an empty stomach, exceeding recommended dosages, or having underlying digestive sensitivities. Those with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel diseases may be more susceptible to this side effect, though some in these groups actually report improvements in their symptoms with careful DGL use.

Other Potential Digestive Side Effects

Beyond diarrhea, DGL may cause other digestive symptoms in some individuals. These can include mild nausea, stomach cramping, increased gas, or changes in stool consistency that don't necessarily qualify as diarrhea. Some users report a temporary increase in heartburn when first starting DGL before experiencing improvement, which may be part of an adjustment period.

It's worth noting that some commercial DGL products contain additional ingredients like flavorings, sweeteners, or fillers that could potentially trigger digestive reactions in sensitive individuals. For example, some chewable DGL tablets contain sugar alcohols like xylitol or sorbitol, which are known to cause digestive disturbances including diarrhea in some people when consumed in sufficient quantities.

Managing Digestive Side Effects from DGL

If you experience diarrhea or other digestive disturbances while taking DGL licorice, several strategies may help minimize these effects. First, consider reducing your dosage. Many people find that starting with a lower dose and gradually increasing it allows their body to adjust without uncomfortable side effects. Taking DGL with food rather than on an empty stomach may also help reduce the likelihood of digestive upset.

For those with sensitive digestive systems, looking for simpler formulations without additional ingredients may be beneficial. Some people who experience diarrhea with chewable tablets find that capsule forms are better tolerated, possibly due to different inactive ingredients or because they dissolve further down in the digestive tract.

Alternative Supplements for Digestive Support

If DGL consistently causes digestive problems despite adjustments, several alternatives might provide similar benefits without the side effects. Slippery elm, marshmallow root, and aloe vera gel all have demulcent (soothing) properties that may help coat and protect the digestive tract. Chamomile and ginger are gentle options that support digestive health and have anti-inflammatory properties.

For those seeking comprehensive digestive support without the potential side effects of DGL, products like Casa de Sante's low FODMAP certified digestive enzymes and probiotic & prebiotic supplements offer gut-friendly alternatives. These products are specifically formulated for sensitive digestive systems and can help maintain digestive balance while supporting overall gut health. Their digestive enzyme blends help break down difficult-to-digest foods, potentially reducing symptoms like bloating and discomfort that might otherwise lead someone to try DGL.

Who Should Avoid DGL Licorice?

While DGL is generally considered safer than regular licorice, certain individuals should exercise caution or avoid it altogether. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult healthcare providers before using DGL, as sufficient safety data in these populations is lacking. People with hormone-sensitive conditions might want to avoid licorice products including DGL, as some research suggests licorice compounds may have mild estrogenic effects.

Those with severe diarrhea should probably avoid DGL until their condition resolves, as it could potentially exacerbate symptoms. Additionally, individuals with known allergies to plants in the Fabaceae family (which includes peas, beans, and licorice) should avoid DGL due to potential allergic reactions.

Medication Interactions

Even though DGL has had the glycyrrhizin removed, it may still contain other compounds that could potentially interact with certain medications. Those taking blood thinners, blood pressure medications, diuretics, or corticosteroids should consult with healthcare providers before using DGL. Similarly, people taking medications for diabetes or thyroid conditions should discuss potential interactions with their healthcare team.

It's also worth noting that DGL might affect how quickly the liver breaks down certain medications, potentially increasing or decreasing their effectiveness. This is another reason why discussing DGL supplementation with healthcare providers is important, especially for those on multiple medications.

Conclusion: Balancing Benefits and Side Effects

DGL licorice offers potential digestive benefits for many people, particularly those dealing with acid reflux, heartburn, or peptic ulcers. While it can cause diarrhea and other digestive disturbances in some individuals, these side effects are generally mild and often manageable through dosage adjustments or taking the supplement with food.

As with any supplement, the key is finding the right balance that maximizes benefits while minimizing unwanted effects. Starting with a low dose, monitoring your body's response, and making adjustments accordingly can help you determine if DGL is right for your digestive health needs. For those who find DGL helpful but experience mild digestive side effects, the benefits may outweigh the drawbacks.

Remember that supplements, including DGL, are not regulated as strictly as medications, so quality can vary significantly between products. Choosing reputable brands, possibly those that undergo third-party testing, can help ensure you're getting a quality product with accurate labeling. And as always, consulting with healthcare providers before starting any new supplement regimen is the wisest approach, especially for those with existing health conditions or who take medications regularly.